The formation of the correct position of the body in children is largely dependent on the environment. The duty of parents, and employees of preschools and schools is to follow the correct position of the child in the standing, sitting and walking, and use exercises that develop before the muscles of the arms, legs, and the stomach. This is to ensure that the child has developed the natural muscular corset.
For the spine and its changes
The spine (vertebral column) is a large part of the axial skeleton and consists of 33-34 vertebrae, which are connected with ligaments and joints.
In the womb a baby's spine looks like a single bow. When the child of light, it straightens the spine and becomes almost a straight line. From the moment of birth begins to form a pose. With a skill for holding the head in raised position of the cervical spine of the baby happens gradually bending forward, also called the cervical lordosis. If the time comes when the child already knows how to sit, thoracic spine, also, is a form of bending, only facing backwards (kyphosis). But, if the child begins to walk, the lumbar with a slight curve with the convexity facing forward. This lumbar lordosis. It is therefore important to follow the proper formation of the child's body posture.
For the posture of the body and its injuries
The body is the ability of the individual to keep their body in different positions. It is right and wrong.
Body posture is correct when the relaxed standing man, being in his usual position, not the extra active stress and keeps the head and body rights. In addition, he has an easy motion, a little cut and relaxed shoulders forward facing chest, lower stomach and legs, straight in knees.
Improper body posture of the person is not able to correctly keep your body, therefore, as a rule, stands and moves on the floor-legs bent, shoulders and head, and thrusting the abdomen. In this posture interferes with the normal functioning of internal organs.
Various violations of posture, whether slouching, lordosis, kyphosis or scoliosis (lateral curvature of the spine) is quite common in children of preschool and school-age children. Mostly they are children or physically impaired, or suffer from any chronic diseases, or who have already suffered from a heavy disease in early childhood.
Prevention of disorder of disorders
The prevention of any disorders related to the posture of the body, you need to be comprehensive and is based on the following principles.
Proper diet.
The constantly developing body of the child during the growth needs of useful nutrient. The diet should be complete and varied, as it depends on exactly how much will be the development of muscles and bones.
The locomotor activity.
Very important for children's health, body exercise, various sports (especially skiing and swimming), gymnastics, and tourism, active outdoor games, etc. You should be aware that upon physical development should not force the child to make a sharp and quick loads.
The correct mode of the day.
To avoid problems with posture not only need to arrange the correct mode of the day (walking, sleeping, waking, eating, etc.), but strictly observe it, without making an exception, for example on weekends.
Comfortable children's room.
- The room should have good lighting. An additional Table lamp need to be equipped with a children's Desk.
- Table height should match the height of the child. There are also special desks that are designed to correct posture of the student.
- The chair should repeat the curves of the body. However, instead of this orthopedic chair can be put behind your back at the level of the lumbar cushion in addition to the usual chair. The height of the chair ideally should be equal to the height of the lower leg. Use a footrest, if they don't reach the floor.
- The child should sit so that his back rested on the chair back, and head slightly bent forward, and between the body and the table easy to hold one hand over the edge. When you get impossible to remove the feet under yourself, as this can cause curvature of the spine and circulatory problems.
- In the nursery beds should be smooth and firm mattress. With this type of child, the weight is distributed evenly and the muscles, as well as to relax after the vertical position of the body in the course of the entire day. Do not let the baby sleep on a soft surface. This causes the formation of the irregular curves of the spine during sleep. In addition, the soft mattress stimulates the warming of the intervertebral discs, which disturbed thermal regulation. In terms of the child's pillow, it should be flat and be placed exclusively under my head, and not under your shoulders.
Competent correction shoes.
Accurate, precise and timely selection of children's shoes allows parents to avoid it and even eliminate many of the problems such as functional shortening of the limb, for the consequences of incorrect position of the body or of the compensation of the defects of feet (clubfoot, flat feet).
The uniform load distribution.
It is well known that most often it is in school age, when children experience rapid growth of bone and muscle mass, they, unfortunately, acquire a curvature of the spine. This happens for the reason that at this age the child's spine is not adapted to heavy loads. Parents should try not to overload the child when wearing them knapsack, rucksack or briefcase. Remember that the standard weight which is allowed to raise the child, is 10% of the total body mass.
Back to school backpack should be flat and solid, its width should not be more than shoulder width. Also, the pack should not hang below the belt and straps must be soft and wide, adjustable length. It is unacceptable for extended periods of time carrying heavy backpacks on one shoulder, which is particularly important for girls. In this case, the curvature of the spine may be unavoidable.
As for the right of carrying heavy loads, it is known that lean, to take the weight and lift it is a huge burden on the spine and you can't do it. True will be to sit down first with a flat back, and then take over, pressed against his chest, lifting and carrying. And as well as the advice of parents: even if you do not follow this rule, and teach it to your child.
The formation of the correct position of the body
To stimulate the growth and development of the muscles of the child can safely start from the moment of his birth. So their growth and strength will develop faster. For infants, a great help in this massage (with prescription).
The child at the age of 2 to 3 months, you can begin doing exercises for the workout of the muscle groups responsible for maintaining the body in correct position. It is enough to be with her palms to raise a child, moving from a position of "lying" in the "up" position, and then long to hold him in the air. In this position the muscles and joints of the baby are to move, the training of all muscle groups.
After 1.5 years in the form of a game with the child can begin to do gymnastics. Together you can "chop wood", "cat" arch your back", to pump the water" walk on the drawn lines, as of rope, rolling on the floor, to pass the obstacle, etc. You can ask your child to draw a bird: lie on your stomach, "spread the wings" (arms out to sides) and hold the ankles of the feet.
Body posture of the child is formed before puberty. All this time, you must follow its formation. If the child already had a specific injury, while this period of time, it can be corrected. The child should regularly visit the podiatrist while he is on the account and go through all the available types of treatment. This can be a therapeutic exercise, swimming, massage, physiotherapy, manual therapy and surgical treatment (according to indications).
Useful exercises
For the formation of correct posture in children and the prevention of injuries during the lessons of morning gymnastics, physical culture, and in the course of these moments at home and mainly in the preschool and school facilities may use a variety of useful exercises. The following are examples of such exercises.
- The child stands on one foot or walking on a balance beam.
- Holding the back of the Hoop, the child does not tilt to the side.
- Holding the stick, the child crouches, standing on his toes.
- Spreading his arms in hand, the child does not move back.
- With your feet apart and holding a stick, baby, giving, doing forward bends.
- The child raises legs up, lying on his back.
- A child crawls on all four.
- The child, while maintaining correct posture, walking, holding any load on the head.
- Hands-down, the child holds the stick at the ends and rises his hands up, with the stick behind the back, and then alternates between the slopes of the left and right.
- Using the horizontal bar or wall bars, the child tightly clutching the bar, flexes the foot at right angle and is in this position for a few seconds.
- To be in position "feet together, hands down", the child removes your right leg back, and throws his hands to the side and freezes, and then repeat the exercise with the left leg.
- Lying on the back, the child with the feet "known" or is "scissors".
- Lying on stomach, child lifts the knees bent, the feet, grabs the ankle with his hands and begins to rock like a boat on the waves.
- Standing in front of a mirror, the child, alternating, first break, and then corrects your body posture.
- The child becomes the wall of the five points (head, shoulders, buttocks, calves and heels). These points are the basic curves of our body to outside, and normally need to be in contact with the wall. Then performs various movements, for example squats or lifting of the feet and the hands apart, straining the muscles an average of 5 seconds.
Conclusion
Dear parents, to remember and to tell a child "Sit up straight", of course, but it still is not enough. Start to worry about the health of their children "cradle" and to be sure to find time to practice with them. An important moment in the formation of the correct posture of the child is a personal example. Do exercises with your child, keep your back straight and to be healthy!